VOOR BID .... (PLEASE FOR ...)
Luttino Extremely rare artifact and manuscript on parchment with a fine miniature from the convent, are present to the ecclesiastical title for the post-coated, full name and date of death of the person commemorated.
Flanders, eighteenth century
Private Collection Dr.Theo Breugelmans
the brush was guided by the traditional and well-known mastery of a Monaco-Artist amanuensis, or more likely, to the meticulous and delicate grace of the elements of the small fir stylized floral and framing the precious Miniature St. Augustine, from light and gentle hand of a nun in the atmosphere of sublime spirituality of an ancient scriptorium fragrant incense and precious manuscripts, illuminated by bright gold, to create on 9 April 1761 year, with obsequious devotion, living and sharing mourning the luttino for Reverend Father Joannes Van Assem , probably the oldest and charismatic Abbot of some famous abbey surrounded by the lush greenery of a centuries-old forest of Flanders. We should probably extend our research back in time, a paper dating from the eighteenth century, jealously kept in stock details, although an investigation in this direction, we ignore the place where the Reverend Father lived three centuries ago, died and was buried according to ancient Christian tradition, not without difficulty land to the desired result, namely to give the person an identity complete, detailed biographical data and news and comprehensive.
The rare luttino , leading article today, even for the very exceptional represented in 1700 from the limited production is intended for this purpose, restricted to prominent figures of 'higher clergy and nobility , has achieved his original intention and inspiration, that of hand down to posterity the memory of the deceased , reaching across the centuries to us free in the chaste innocence and freshness of the parchment of delicate colors.
A witness and seal of the importance of the role in life by the Reverend Father Van Assem are the statuesque figure of Augustine of Hippo, Father and Doctor of the Church , depicted in the beautiful miniature, and the noble and resistant subject in question, as no doubt aforesaid, shall be devoted and loyal brother was given the undying memory.
The definition of the Netherlands share in the geographical sense, as well as historical and ancient Christian religious tradition, called the Northern Region Netherlands with the lush land of Flanders until the year 1581 ; from that date, in the complex and detailed scenery of the Catholic Counter , the fates and histories of these two nations were separated finally: the Netherlands, Flemish Nederland - now designated as separate territories of the Netherlands - accepting theories Lutherans and Calvinists, and Flanders-Vlaanderen Flemish-speaking strongly and heroically fighting in protection dogmas of the ancient Catholic tradition well established for centuries throughout the vast territory.
The Flemish literary tradition handed down the origins of the use of " LUTTINI " - in Flemish "met de hand geschreven BIDPRENTJES " as dating from the sixteenth century even, strictly artifacts and manuscripts on paper and / or on parchment and from the cloistered, but Protestant faith and specifically from Amsterdam and location immediately adjacent to that city.
For
Antwerp, and the same throughout the Flemish, the onset of "Souvenirs of the deceased " or LUTTINI of Catholic Christian faith was at least a century later and then reliably dated from the early, better and safer we say, the first half of the seventeenth century .
untraceable in the same territory of Flanders who can rightly be called the "prototype " old 's age Counter , inscribed on parchment almost exclusively in black and white or color by the engravers of the most popular and famous Flemish engravers, from Van Merlen to De Boudt - to name just two among many - the oldest, currently housed in various Museum of Popular Traditions as well as from private collections exclusive not crossing back in time to the date of 1770, being the majority of older years between 1775 and 1800, but nevertheless always represent the true and absolute rarity .
The formula commonly used for creating LUTTINI - or rather, for the adaptation of sacred images for this purpose in a cloister or in the shops of the abovementioned Engravers revisited and corrected - was simple and concise, both in the Baroque era that later in the century. XVIII: " BID VOOR " - ie " PLEASE FOR " or " PRAY FOR THE SOUL OF " followed by the name of the deceased and almost always from the date of death.
It was not until the end of the eighteenth century and the beginning of 1800 because this formula is enriched with new elements, more and more detailed guidance in relation to the deceased to be commemorated: place of birth and death, the charge and the lined able - if, for example, high-tiered Military followed by a more or less long prayer .
" WANDERER, I HAVE LITTLE TO SAY: STOP AND READ.
THIS 'DO NOT REMEMBER THE BEAUTY OF A WOMAN WHO WAS BEAUTIFUL.
PARENTS CALL CLAUDIA.
THIS 'DO NOT REMEMBER THE BEAUTY OF A WOMAN WHO WAS BEAUTIFUL.
PARENTS CALL CLAUDIA.
LOVE 'ON HER HUSBAND WITH ALL MY HEART.
gave birth to two sons: ONE LEAVES ON THE GROUND, THE OTHER HAS LAID IN THE GROUND.
SPEAK IN SWEET, HONEST AND PRIVATE IN PORT THE GUARDIAN 'THE HOUSE, WIRE' THE WOOL. I ended
: VA PURE. "
gave birth to two sons: ONE LEAVES ON THE GROUND, THE OTHER HAS LAID IN THE GROUND.
SPEAK IN SWEET, HONEST AND PRIVATE IN PORT THE GUARDIAN 'THE HOUSE, WIRE' THE WOOL. I ended
: VA PURE. "
Age of the Gracchi (BC) - Rome
In the Rome of the second century BC, in an era known to historians as Age the Gracchi , two centuries before the birth of Jesus 'Christ , the gravestones of travertine or marble from Egypt and Greece, skillfully carved by' inscriptor acquitted of the same function hand down to posterity the memory of dead, just as true, LUTTINI precursors.
her is passed the name - Clavdia - the two sons, one of whom died prematurely before her, and, according to the traditional multiple certificates from funerary inscriptions of ancient Rome, and the salient common ethical and behavioral characteristics which designate Matronae , ie the probe and honest mother.
Again, you will have to wait three more centuries, the period in which he lived Clavdia because text commemorating deceased persons become even a brief biography complete , with typical details of the summons and unmistakably characteristic of the person commemorated: the praenomen the nomen , the patronymic The origo - city or region of origin-the original tribus membership, the rank, office or the judiciary loans, as well course to 'age expressed years, months and days and sometimes, particularly linked to specific cases of sudden deaths and violent place - the city or region- theater of death.
I " LUTTINI " engraved on marble in ancient Rome , although contracting the soul of the late deceased hoped diligent and loving protection of Mani essentially differ in anything from hand-written prayers in the Baroque period or even in the very Catholic Flanders in modern LUTTINI still in use today in our country and throughout Europe and the world is the common heartbreaking pathos to an early death or other unexpected , identical-although written in language very different and far between them - touching words full of love and deep affection dedicated to the loved one who, stricken with grief and inconsolable, he stands.
Another forerunner, somewhat sui generis prototype of the current LUTTINI - in my personal those of questionable taste very elegant and far-was represented in Victorian era, with particular reference to the time and limited to the two decades that occurred between 1840 and 1860, from post mortem photographs .
This unusual and very regrettable fashion exploded in France, England and major countries of the 'central-northern Europe to coincide with the arrival of the first daguerreotypes and contextually the progress achieved in the field of printing permit - as odd and even short of creating custom- " should remember the dead " accompanied by photo- printed in sepia or black and white and often touched with details hand-colored - photograph of the deceased in death-note from which the name of post mortem photographs - all dressed up, with eyes wide open, sitting on comfortable chairs or in dormeuses positions completely natural as if it were still alive and, in the case of children, with the doll ol'orsetto preferred among tiny hands, to be distributed to relatives and friends in memory of the jointly disappeared.
Specifically in our country, except, as in the case of very rare and very valuable LUTTINO achieved in 1761 for the Reverend Father Joannes Van Assem a miniature on parchment, depicting St Augustine and belonging to the museum and is now well known to all collectors private collection of his Flemish Dr.Theo Breugelmans - for nobles and aristocrats, and senior officials, which are also related LUTTINI expensive and exclusive on parchment made mostly within the cloister, dating from the eighteenth century, also already have to wait until the XIX century for a fruimento mass reaches the apex of costume and more widespread after the beginning of the twentieth century with the advent of serial printing, a phenomenon known to collectors as the offset .
Let me add one more curiosity in this regard: in Italy, among the first publishers to spread with great success printing LUTTINI since the late nineteenth century and for the entire half of the next, it was the Mass of the Holy League Milan, star of the recent interesting catalog dedicated to the popular Santini chromolithographic of their production, competently edited by the collector and friend of Mr. Biagio Gamba.
Paola Galanz
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